随着十八、十九世纪蒸汽机和石油蒸馏技术的诞生，煤炭和石油被人类广泛利用。自此，煤炭和石油代替了被人类使用了几千年的木柴和牲畜经过近200年的使用，石油和煤炭几乎消耗殆尽，且地球生态系统遭到严重破坏。这意味着，唯有利用自然生态环境产生的能源才是长期、稳定、可靠的。

       With the advent of steam engine technology and petroleum distillation in the 18th and 19th century, coal and oil replaced firewood and livestock, which had been used by human for thousands of years.After about 200 years of use, the oil and coal are almost gone, and the Earth's ecosystems have been severely damaged. Therefore, only the energy generated by the natural ecological environment is long-term, stable and reliable.

       随着近年来全球发起的双碳目标，一场新时代的能源变革正在进行中：一级能源的获取由光伏，风电，水电等绿色能源替代火力发电。二级应用能源应用由锂电、氢能等能源替代石油。另外一级能源和二级应用能源之间需进行储能、并网等环节。在能源的获取、储存和应用的所有电力连接和传输环节，电连接件的可靠性都至关重要。

       With the goal of carbon neutrality and carbon peak initiated by many countries in recent years, the energy transformation in the new era is underway:The acquisition of primary energy is powered by photovoltaic, wind power, hydropower and other new energy sources to replace thermal power generation. Secondary application energy by lithium electricity, hydrogen energy and other new energy to replace oil. In addition, energy storage and grid connection should be carried out between primary energy and secondary applied energy. The reliability of the electrical connection products in all the power connection and power transmission links, such as the acquisition, storage and application of energy, is very important.